Docketed by Knox's aide-de-camp, Samuel Shaw: "Prisoners of War under [Earl] Cornwallis." Historical Era American Revolution, 1763-1783 Subjects Muster Rolls and Returns Military History Revolutionary War Prisoner of War Battle John Mackenzie Note that "F" is for Fredericksburg Aerial. We strive for accuracy and fairness. Oct . see also my Artillery at Yorktown: A Statistical Overview (Part 2 of 2) The Brigade Dispatch. [16], Although Knoxs gunners were primarily engaged managing siege weapons, they had also brought field artillery to Yorktown. Stevens, GLC02437.01228, GLI. Accessibility Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. Rank 1. I was hoping to hear more about the 14th colony, of Vermont, as they were very much a part of, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 2018. Corp'l 19, 1781 Stivors His Pennsylvanians led the engagement with the British at the Battle of Green Springs on July 6, where the artillery suffered losses of men and guns. Starting at the historic Surrender Field, the course is mostly flat with a some . In this encounter, called the Battle of the Capes, the British fleet is soundly defeated and forced to abandon Cornwalliss army at Yorktown. 70-104-1 (Washington: U.S. Army Center of Military History, 2007), 43; Robert Arthur, The End of a Revolution (New York: Vantage Press, 1965), 159. Aerial Assortments. Oct . The siege of Charleston in May 1780 was one of the worst American defeats of the Revolutionary War. [7], The original commander of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment, Col. Thomas Proctor, had resigned in April so Knox appointed as his replacement the 1st Regiments Lieutenant Colonel Carrington, then serving as Deputy Quartermaster General for Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greenes Army. Lambs second-in-command was Lt. Col. Ebenezer Stevens and for the southern campaign Knox augmented the regiments staff with Maj. Sebastian Bauman, then commanding the artillery at West Point. In Calculation of Artillery & for operation, GLC02437.9947, GLI, Knox speculated the French could furnish a total of twenty-eight pieces. He asked for a cease fire that day leading to his surrender two days later. Thus it was a reduced contingent of the 4th Continental Artillery that was available to Knox in September. His artillery consists of three 24-pounders, three 18-pounders, two 8-inch (203 mm) howitzers, and 6 mortars, totaling 14 guns. John Cadwalader. Outnumbered and outfought during a three-week siege in which they sustained great losses, British troops surrendered to the Continental Army and their French allies. New Yorker Assortment, 1 Box. 19, 1781 HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. 1st New York and militia unable to prevent Johnson's retreat to Canada. Gen. Anthony Wayne, February 26 and April 8, 1781, and Wayne to Washington, May 26 and July 8, 1781, Founders Online website, accessed January 12, 2017; A General Return of the American Artillery & Stores Appropriated Thereto with the Army in Virginia Sept 22 1781, GLC02437.01187, GLI; George W. Kyte, General Wayne Marches South, 1781, Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 30 (1963): 305-307; Berg, Encyclopedia of Continental Army Units, 26; Orderly Book of the Siege of Yorktown (Philadelphia: Horace W. Smith, 1865), 35-36; Frances B. Heitman, Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army During the War of the Revolution (Washington: W.H. They have to be taken by force. The second type of service . While their greatest contribution was to relieve the artillerymen of duties which took them away from the firing line, such as guarding the artillery park, maintenance of fortifications, and hauling ammunition from the artillery park to the batteries, many of the auxiliaries worked in the laboratory and batteries under direction of Knoxs men. 4, (Autumn Aerial Assortments. Not at Yorktown surrender. The number of unexploded shells out of the 2,178 fired by American gunners is unknown so any such problem cannot be quantified. Note that "F" is for Fredericksburg Lancaster 24 April 1782 Muster Roll of the Detached Corps under Charge of Lt. DeBeck ,New York Volunteers Capt. That contingent was further weakened due to a September 23 altercation between Duffy and another officer, leading to Duffys arrest, court martial, and dismissal from the service on October 12. The march they chose was The World Turned Upside Down. The anecdote was told second hand by a Maj. William Jackson of Philadelphia, who claimed to have received the information from Lt. Col. John Laurens. A stunning example of military prowess and skilled leadership, the Battle of Cowpens near Chesnee, South Carolina, was a critical American victory in the Revolutionary War. Private John Althause Jr on August 12, 2008. Knox assigned Lafayette one company each from the 2nd and 3rd Continental Artillery Regiments under Capt. After a grueling march, the American and French forces arrive near Yorktown and immediately begin the hard work of laying siege to Cornwallis and his men. On September 3, 1783, the Revolutionary War came to an official end with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. 40, no. Two-thirds of his attack force carried 250-kilogram semi armor-piercing bombs against Yorktown while the others carried high explosive bombs against the ship's crew. Present The two merged in 1856, as the Royal Engineers, Infantry regiments, which had been known by numbers (for example, 28th Foot), were to become known by a title, usually a county, Regiments from the 26th Foot onwards were paired together to form new regiments (for example, the 28th Foot and the 61st Foot became the Gloucester Regiment), Each new regiment was to have two battalions, as the first 25 Foot regiments already did, The lower number became the 1st battalion and the higher number became the 2nd battalion (thus, the 28th Foot and the 61st Foot became the 1st and 2nd Battalions respectively of the Gloucester Regiment), All infantry regiments were placed into numbered regimental districts. Gershom Mott was in hospital at Albany and Capt. Meyers, 1893), 15: 750. Roster of Patriot Soldiers at the Battles of Ninety Six (1775 & 1781) Roster : Roster of South Carolina Patriots in the American Revolution by Bobby G. Moss Patriots : Patriots at Cowpens by Bobby G Moss Papers : see files in blue folders- copies of pension, etc Savannah : From Savannah to Yorktown by Henry Lumpkin See an An Overview of Records at the National Archives Relating to Military . The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Sick at F Lord North resigns 15 days later. The musters, service records and attestation papers of the German and Swiss Legions are in WO 15, searchable by regiment in our catalogue. [1], Gen. George Washingtons determination of units from the American Army in New York that would march to Yorktown in August 1781 included only one artillery regiment, the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment. At that time, Britain possessed one of the best armies in the world. Regular military units created by the Continental Congress comprised the Continental Army. Capt. Voluntary military service is contractual, so it's a type of indentured servitude. . At 1057, Lieutenant Michio Kobayashi and his 18-dive bomber unit took off from Hiryu to attack American carrier Yorktown, escorted by 6 fighters. On the morning of October 19, the British sent forward a red-coated drummer boy, followed by an officer waving a white handkerchief to the parapet. The British seek honorable terms of surrender, but Washington refuses as American forces were denied the that honor in Charleston, South Carolina, earlier in the war. Montgomery, Thomas Lynch. Record types contained in this collection include: Revolutionary War American Forces included various organizations formed by the Continental Congress as well as individual states, counties, and towns. All rights reserved The Battle of Yorktown was the last great battle of the American Revolutionary War. Jacob Rossby Record types contained in this collection include: Muster rolls Payrolls Strength returns Misc., personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units On June 17, 1775, as British redcoats marched up the heights of Bunker Hill outside of Boston, Massachusetts, they were met with a hail of musketry from the defenders of the earthen redoubt. This small diverse group performed brilliantly, winning the respect of their French counterparts. Mar. Benj. The detachment of the 1st Continental Artillery remained in Virginia, while that of the 4th Continental Artillery joined Gen. Nathanael Greenes Army in the Carolinas. Journal of the American Revolution also produces annual hardcover volumes, a branded book series, and the podcast, Dispatches. Their forces were well-equipped and expertly trained. 2nd New Jersey Regiment (aka The Western Battalion) . It is all over. Rolling Thunder. [5], Washington had ordered Maj. Gen.Marquis de Lafayette to take 1,200 Continentals from the army in New York to Virginia in February 1781 to oppose British forces then threatening that state, instructing Lafayette to confer with General Knox concerning needed artillery support. $179.99 Add to Favorites . By October 7 many persons were busily employed there. During the day beginning on October 14 American artillerymen suffered one killed and two wounded, while the next day two men were killed and three wounded. . These freemen were conscripted, illegally detained, and held as slaves after their enlistments expire. This Site All NPS Download the official NPS app before your next visit. Please note, a small selection of muster rolls and pay lists from WO 12 are available online via Ancestry (). Specifying only 160 militiamen suggests that Knox had determined he needed a total of 420 auxiliaries, since there were plenty of militiamen available to him at Yorktown. 19, 1781 [12] John Bell Tilden, Extracts from the Journal of Lieutenant John Bell Tilden, Second Pennsylvania Line, 1781-1782, Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 19 (1895): 60; Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 9-17, 1781; Octavius Pickering, Life of Timothy Pickering (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1867), 1: 305; Sims, Military Career of John Lamb, 139. Whitehead Colemans Company was sent to Virginia later that year to recruit. A-029. Surrounded by enemy fire, and blocked from receiving aid by the French fleet that had arrived in Chesapeake Bay, Cornwallis was trapped. or Yorktown. Private Oct . They also assisted Capt. However, Denny observed the shells did not burst, as was expected, inferring a problem with fuses. John Of his 400 infantrymen, Hamilton lost just nine in the attack, with some 30 wounded, while the 400 French-led troops lost 27 men, with 109 wounded, according to Fleming. For the militias contribution see William W. Reynolds, The Virginia Militia at the Siege of Yorktown, Military Collector & Historian 67 (2015): 175-176. Since the artillerys draft horses had travelled overland and only arrived in early October, moving the guns to the Artillery Park at Yorktown was not accomplished until October 6. Thanks! Nov. 7, 1781 19, 1781 The books themselves are in alphabetical order of soldiers names. Battle of Springfield; Battle of Yorktown. Analysis of the Muster Rolls. Dec. 6, 1781 [8] Heitman, Historical Register, 337; Carrington to Knox, August 7, 1781, GLC02437.01123, Return of all Continental spare ordnance and Military Stores in the field and the Waggons which contain them. The successful siege allowed the allies to complete the second parallel trench and snuffed out the last remains of resistance among the British. In a final effort on October 16, Cornwallis attempted a nighttime sea evacuation, but he was stopped by a storm. The Royal Navy, attempting to sail up the Bay to Cornwallis, is met by French warships at the mouth of the Chesapeake. The French simultaneously assault redoubt #9 and, after an equally fierce firefight, wrest control from the British. Colonial National Historical Park - Yorktown Battlefield P.O. Aerial Assortments. Available now on Amazon.com and Amazon.ca, Submitter: Linda Harper Revolutionary War Records, Correspondence, 1765-1830 (33 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Council of Safety, 1775-1776 (4 folders) Revolutionary War Records, General Assembly, 1776 (2 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Loyalist Records, 1775-1783 (10 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Military Records, 1775-1908 (41 folders) Box 3 A British sentry fires at the Americans and the Americans proceeded to assault the fortification, climbing over the parapet and descending into the redoubt. The British still had 30,000 men in North America, occupying the seaports of New York, Charles Town and Savannah, according to Taylor. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! The legend about the British singing a popular tune called The World Turned Upside Down originated 30 years after the war in Alexander GardensAnecdotes of the American Revolution2ndseries (Charleston, 1828), p. 18. But her search into the past leads her to a dark secret. Ludwig For nearly a week the artillery barrage is ceaseless, shattering whatever nerve the British have remaining and punching holes in British defenses. Sick at F York 10 siege would be led by Colonel Alexander Hamilton. An index to the names of individuals contained in these records was created by Direct Data Capture. Washington and his French ally, Lt. Gen. Comte de Rochambeau, bet on the south, where they were assured critical naval support from a French fleet commanded by Adm. Comte de Grasse. Nov. 5, 1781 Wounded at Brandywine battle on September 11, 1777. All Rights Reserved. During the siege Carrington apparently also commanded the detachments of the 1st and 3rd Continental Artillery Regiments. Sick at F Surrender of Conwallis. Oct . Sick at F After a series of October battles, Burgoyne found himself surrounded by Gates' men and surrendered on October 17. . With the help of French engineers, American and French troops begin to dig a series of parallel trenches, which bring troops and artillery close enough to inflict damage on the British. The siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the surrender at Yorktown, or the German battle because of the presence of Germans in all three armies, began September 28, 1781 and ended on October 19, 1781, in Yorktown, Virginia. [14] Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 8-17, 1781. Search the history of over 806 billion Prior to General Greene's command, the war in the South had not . If you are searching within WO 69, search by name of non-commissioned officer or soldier within WO 69. The first entry for a recruit in a muster book usually gives his age, place of enlistment and trade. An analysis of pension applications by members of the 2nd Continental Artillery shows that the majority enlisted in New York. Nathan Dock Muster rolls and pay lists contain soldiers: From 1868 to 1883 there may be quarterly lists which contain details of men becoming non-effective. Now, there was revenge - the Patriot rallying cry Tarleton's Quarter 37. on the Internet. For those covering the date of the Battle of Waterloo you can also search by an individuals name. Washington lauded the judicious and spirited management of [the artillery] in the parallels and Knox published his individual and collective thanks. These documents include muster rolls, payrolls, strength returns, and other miscellaneous personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units, 1775-83. . [5] William W. Reynolds, Virginia State and Continental Regiments at the Siege of Yorktown, Military Collector & Historian 68 (2016): 347. But the world truly changes that day as the military operations of the War for Independence cease. How to search for musters and pay lists 1878-1898, Friends of The National By October 17 most of the British artillery facing the allied forces had been silenced and Cornwallis had taken nearly 500 casualties. Ibid. Hence it was with a certain element of understatement that Knoxs thanks to his men asserted that the skill of his artillery had brought home to our enemies that the officers of the American Artillery have acquired a respectable portion of knowledge in the profession.[21]. The resulting shortfall led to the assignment to Knox on October 6 of the Virginia State Regiment under Lt. Col. Charles Dabney, the Delaware Regiment under Capt. The heavy cannons pounded the British mercilessly, and by October 11 had knocked out most of the British guns, the Army Heritage Center Foundation states. Thomas Lynch Montgomery, ed., Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series (Harrisburg: Harrisburg Publishing Company, 1906), 3:1021, records that among the wounded artillerymen was Henry Love of Pennsylvania who lost a leg during the siege. The British surrender forecast the end of British rule in the colonies and the birth of a new nationthe United States of America. Private Knox rotated this duty among the company officers of all four Continental artillery regiments. Militia, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Regimental histories, Pennsylvania -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Sources, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Registers Publisher Valley Forge Muster Roll. It is a stunning victory with the Americans sustaining only 34 casualties. $249.99 Add to Favorites . British general Charles Lord Cornwallis dispatched Major Patrick Ferguson to North Carolina in early September 1780. 40, no. John Atlhause Presumably the detachment from the 3rd Continental Artillery Regiment returned to their base in the New York Highlands. Private Previously served with Emmerichs Chasseurs in 1777. The 1st Maryland Regiment under William Smallwood was held in reserve. William Feltman (Philadelphia: Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 1853), 18; Diary of Captain James Duncan, of Colonel Moses Hazens Regiment in the Yorktown Campaign, 1781, Pennsylvania Archives, Second Series (Harrisburg: E.K. The new line is in place by the morning of October 12. Ensign Samuel Eddins Company of the 1st Regiment was detached to Yorktown in February 1781 to protect prizes anchored in York River, and Capt. The Modern Military Branch, National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001, has custody of deck logs from 1941 to 1983, as well as muster rolls. We feature smart, groundbreaking research and well-written narratives from expert writers. To speed up the siege of the two redoubtsFrench troops were to take redoubt No. Much of the 1862 Yorktown battlefield encompasses the 1781 battlefield of the American Revolution. Although it takes the Americans two more years of skillful diplomacy to formally secure their independence through the Treaty of Paris, the war is won with the British defeat at Yorktown. At that time, musicians played in the regiment in which they enlisted, not in a large massed band. Search New Jersey Revolutionary War Rolls, . You may also need to know the relevant regimental district numbers, a key to which can be found in the record summary of WO 16. How Well Do You Know the Siege of Yorktown? Sick at F The Battle of Yorktown (Sep 28, 1781 - Oct 19, 1781) was the final battle of the American Revolution, fought between Colonial troops and the British Army at Yorktown, Virginia. Uploaded by research. Private Hockman While he awaits supplies and much-needed reinforcements from the Royal Navy, the Continental Army seizes an opportunity. Washington's Officers at Valley Forge. Washington also prepared false papers discussing attack plans on Clinton, and let these papers fall into British hands.. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. These men cleaned shot, made cartridges, and proved and filled shells. A-024. 1-11. You can browse these by regiment. 3, (Winter 2010), Serious fighting ensues in close quarters, but the British are overwhelmed. Over 33 million records are contained in this database. The British Army marched out with colours cased, and drums beating a British or a German march. Why did the French send troops to aid the Continental Army in the War for Independence? By mid-September 1781, Washington and Rochambeau arrived in Williamsburg, Virginia, 13 miles from the tobacco port of Yorktown, where Cornwalliss men had built a defense of 10 small forts (a.k.a. Gen. Anthony Wayne to reinforce Lafayette with his 1,200 Pennsylvanians including about one hundred officers and men of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment. An official form of the United States government. 2010), pp. To do this, you should consult the Army List. v3.0, Household troops, cavalry, guards, regular infantry, special regiments and corps, colonial troops, foreign legions and regiments, and regimental, brigade and other depots, From 1816 to 1856, the musters are principally of the Royal Corps of Sappers and Miners, and list only NCOs and other ranks. This database contains U.S. Navy muster rolls and associated reports of changes for U.S. Navy enlisted personnel who served on U.S. Navy ships or in other naval activities between 31 January 1938 and 31 December 1949. Still, The World Turned Upside Down creates the perfect ending to an event that changed the nation and the world. web pages Information available in the index includes: Use this information to then find the corresponding image of the record on which the soldier appears. But I guess since, Appreciated Stuarts podcast and learned a lot. They could strike a decisive blow to the British in New York City or aim for the south, in Yorktown, Virginia, where Gen. Charles Lord Cornwalliss troops were garrisoned. Oct . [12], Most of the artillery had been hauled from Trebells Landing across the peninsula six miles to the artillery park by October 6 allowing Knoxs men to concentrate on completing the batteries and moving guns and mortars into them. Each series is searchable in Discovery, our catalogue. Lists numbers of prisoners taken 19 October 1781 in the British surrender of Yorktown (excluding marine prisoners). It is all over. On March 5, 1782, Parliament passes a bill authorizing the government to make peace with America. Oct . Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. This engagement further weakened British attempts to wrest the southern colonies from American control. 1783 Army List. This muster roll is from 1782 a year after the Battle of Yorktown Virginia. Sergt. Aerial. Muster Roll of the Detached Corps under Charge of Lt. DeBeck ,New York Volunteers [21] Knoxs Brigade Orders, The Magazine of American History 6: 51. Lieut. The siege was a decisive Franco-American victory: after the surrender of British Lt. Gen. Charles, Earl Cornwallis on October 17, the government of Lord North fell, and its replacement entered into peace negotiations that resulted . At the time, British forces were fighting on two fronts, with General Henry Clinton occupying New York City, and Cornwallis, who had already captured Charleston and Savannah, in South Carolina. These show a total of 235 officers and men which, with the addition of regimental staff, is consistent with the total of 242 in the October 1, 1781 return.
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